Description
GenisteinisanisoflavoneandphytoestrogenthatwasoriginallyfoundinGenistabuthassincebeenfoundinmanyotherplantsources,includingsoy.Genisteinexhibitsanti-resorptive,anti-osteoporotic,antioxidative,anti-obesity,anti-diabetic,anti-hyperlipidemic,neuroprotective,anti-inflammatory,anticancer,andanti-metastaticactivities.GenisteininhibitsosteoclastformationinmacrophagesandinducesphaseIIenzymessuchassuperoxidedismutase,hemeoxygenase1(HO-1)andNrf2inothercellularmodels.Inhighfatdietfedanimalmodels,genisteindecreasesbodyweight,liverweight,lipidlevels,andinsulindysregulationbyinhibitingS6K1signaling.Inanimalmodelsofcerebralocclusion,genisteindecreasesinfarctvolumeandneuronalapoptosis,increasesactivationofERK1/2,andimprovesneurologicalandsurvivaloutcomes.IncellularmodelsofAlzheimer’sdisease,genisteinincreasesPKCsignalingandinhibitsamyloid-β(Aβ)-inducedneurotoxicity.Inothercellularmodels,thiscompounddecreasesactivationofNF-κBandexpressionofIL-1β,IL-6,andIL-8inanAMPK-dependentmanner.Incoloncancercells,genisteininducesG2/Mphasecellcyclearrestandapoptosis,decreasesthemitochondrialmembranepotential,andinhibitscellularproliferation.Inhepatocellularcarcinomacells,genisteindecreasesproductionofmatrixmetalloproteinase9(MMP9)andinhibitscellularinvasion;italsodownregulateshedgehog(Hh)signaling.
References
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