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RayBiotech/Human FRA-2 Transcription Factor Activity Assay/1 Plate Kit/TFEH-FRA2-1

Antigen Information

Accession Number:
  • P15408
Gene ID:
  • 2355
Gene Symbols:
  • FOSL2
Protein Name & Synonyms:
Fos-related antigen 2 (FRA-2)
Target Species:
  • Human

Assay Format

Specificity:
The olionucleotide/antibody pair provided in this kit recognizes human FRA-2 in whole lysates and nuclear extracts.

Product Specifications

Size:
1, 2, or 5 x 96-Well Microplate Kit

Introduction

Activator protein-1 (AP-1) is a sequence-specific transcriptional activator composed of members of the Jun (c-Jun, JunB, and JunD) and Fos (c-Fos, FosB, Fra1, and Fra2) families in formats of homo- and heterodimers. These proteins belong to the bZIP group of DNA binding proteins with the ability to a common consensus sequence-defined AP-1-binding site. Jun and Fos proteins can also dimerize other basic leucine zipper proteins such as ATF, CCAAT enhancer-binding protein, Maf, and NF-E2. Jun-Jun and Jun-Fos dimers bind preferentially to TPA responsive element (TRE), whose consensus is TGAGTCA, whereas Jun-ATF dimers prefer to bind to the c-AMP-responsive element (CRE) whose consensus is TGAGCTCA. Inside cells, AP-1 activity is induced by an incredible diversity of signals, including growth factors, cellular stress, ionizing and ultraviolet irradiation, DNA damage, oxidative stress, neuronal depolarization antigen binding by T or B lymphocytes, and cytokines. The mechanisms involved in induction of AP-1 activity are either through changing the expression of AP-1 components or post-translation modification or both to regulate their trans-activity positively or negatively. For example, stimulation by growth factors or by activating mutations in cytoplasmic effectors such as ras and raf, results in AP-1 activation by triggering the ERK signaling pathway. On the other hand, AP-1 responses to proinflammatory cytokines and UV radiation are mostly dependent on two other MAPK cascades, JNK and p38 of MAP kinases. As a result, the AP-1 regulates different target genes executing different biological functions such as cell proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, or cell death.

Product Features

  • Specific transcription factor-DNA binding assay
  • Perfect alternative to EMSA
  • Easy to perform in an ELISA format
  • Non-radioactive assay
  • High throughput (96-well plate format)
  • Assay can be completed within 5 hours

Application Notes

Kit Components
  • 96-well Strip Microplate pre-coated with DNA probes
  • DNA Binding Buffer
  • Positive Control Sample
  • Specific Competitor DNA probe
  • Non-specific Competitor DNA probe
  • Assay Reagent
  • DTT
  • Wash Buffer
  • Primary Antibody
  • HRP-conjugated Secondary Antibody
  • Antibody Diluent Buffer
  • TMB One-Step Substrate Reagent
  • Stop Solution
Other Materials Required
  • Distilled or deionized water
  • 100 ml and 1 liter graduated cylinders
  • Tubes to prepare sample dilutions
  • Absorbent paper
  • Precision pipettes to deliver 2 µl to 1 ml volumes
  • Adjustable 1-25 ml pipettes for reagent preparation
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  • Microplate reader capable of measuring absorbance at 450 nm
Protocol Outline
  1. Prepare all reagents and samples as instructed in the manual.
  2. Add 100 µl of sample or positive control to each well.
  3. Incubate 2 h at RT or O/N at 4 °C.
  4. Add 100 µl of prepared primary antibody to each well.
  5. Incubate 1 h at RT.
  6. Add 100 µl of prepared HRP-secondary antibody to each well.
  7. Incubate 1 h at RT.
  8. Add 100 µl of TMB One-Step Substrate Reagent to each well.
  9. Incubate 30 min at RT.
  10. Add 50 µl of Stop Solution to each well.
  11. Read at 450 nm immediately.

Typical Data

Figure 1Transcription factor activity assay of Fra2 from nuclear extracts of HeLa cells or HeLa cells treated with TPA (50 ng/ml) for 3 hr with the RayBio® FRA-2 Activity Assay Kit.

Figure 2Transcription factor activity assay of Fra2 from nuclear extracts of HeLa cells or HeLa cells treated with TPA (50 ng/ml) for 3 hr with the specific competitor or non-specific competitor. The result shows specific binding of Fra2 to the conserved binding site detected by using the RayBio® FRA-2 TF-Activity Assay Kit.

Storage/Stability

Upon receipt, the positive control should be removed and stored at -20° or -80°C. The remainder of the kit can be stored for up to 6 months at 2-8°C from the date of shipment. Opened Microplate Wells or reagents may be stored for up to 1 month at 2° to 8°C. Return unused wells to the pouch containing desiccant pack, reseal along entire edge. Note: The kit can be used within one year if the whole kit is stored at -20°C upon receipt. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.

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