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| ProductName | ChikungunyaVirusIgMμ-captureELISA |
|---|---|
| #ofSamples | 1x96Assays |
| IntendedUse | TheChikungunyaIgMμ-captureELISAisintendedforthequalitativedeterminationofIgMclassantibodiestoChikungunyavirusinhumanserumandplasma(citrate). |
| Introduction | ChikungunyavirusisanarthropodbornevirusofthegenusAlphavirus(familyTogaviridae).TheAlphavirusgenuscontainsatleast24distinctspecies.Thesearelipid-envelopedvirionswithadiameterof50to60nm. Alphavirusinfectionsareinitiatedbythebiteofaninfectedmosquito,whichresultsinthedepositionofvirusinsubcutaneousandpossiblycutaneoustissues.Afteranincubationperiodof1to12daystheChikungunyafeverdevelops. Chikungunyafever(Chikungunyameansthatwhichbendsup,inreferencetothecripplingmanifestationsofthedisease)isanacuteviralinfectioncharacterizedbyarapidtransitionfromastateofgoodhealthtoillnessthatincludesseverearthralgiaandfever. Temperaturerisesabruptlytoashighas40°Candisoftenaccompaniedbyshakingchills.Afterafewdays,fevermayabateandrecrudesce,givingrisetoasddlebackfevercurve.Arthralgiaispolyarticular,favoringthesmalljointsandsitesofpreviousinjuries,andismostintenseonarising.Patientstypicallyavoidmovementasmuchaspossible.Jointsmayswellwithoutsignificantfluidaccumulations.Thesesymptomsmaylastfrom1weektoseveralmonthsandareaccompaniedbymyalgia.Therashcharacteristicallyappearsonthefirstdayofillness,butonsetmaybedelayed.Itusuallyarisesasaflushoverthefaceandneck,whichevolvestoamaculopapularormacularformthatmaybepruritic.Thelatterlesionsappearonthetrunk,limbs,face,plamsandsoles,inthatorderoffrequency.Petechialskinlesionshavealsobeennoted.Headache,photophobia,retro-orbitralpain,sorethroatwithobjectivesignsofpharyngitis,nauseaandvomitingalsooccurinthissetting.Occasionally,howeverpersistentarthralgiaandpolyarthritis(lastingmonthsorevenyears)dooccur,sometimesinvolvingjointdestruction.Evenrarer,sequelaeincludeencephalitisandmeningoencephalitiswithhighlethalityrates. ThevirushasmajorimportanceinAfricaandAsia.From20%tomorethan90%ofthepopulationoftropicalandsubtropicalshowserologicevidenceofinfection.BecauseAedesmosquitoesareincreasinglyprevalentinNorthAfricaandSouthAmerica,wherethepopulationwouldbeuniformlysusceptibletoinfection,thepossibilityforepidemicsisevident.ChikungunyavirusinfectionsareimportedtocentralEuropemainlybytravellerstotropicalandsubtropicalcountries. Thepresenceofvirusresp.infectionmaybeidentifiedby Serology:DetectionofantibodiesbyIF,ELISA. |
| Principlesoftheassay | ThequalitativeimmunoenzymaticdeterminationofIgM-classantibodiestoChikungunyaisbasedontheELISA(Enzyme-linkedImmunosorbentAssay)technique. MicrotiterstripwellsareprecoatedwithantihumanIgMtobindcorrespondingantibodiesofthespecimen.AfterwashingthewellstoremoveallunboundsampleandcontrolmaterialChikungunyaantigensolutionisadded.AfterafurtherwashingstepamixtureofbiotinylatedChikungunyaantibodyandStreptavidinconjugateisadded.AfterwashingthecapturedChikungunya-specificimmuncomplexisvisualizedbyaddingTetramethylbenzidine(TMB)substratewhichgivesabluereactionproduct.TheintensityofthisproductisproportionaltotheamountofChikungunya-specificIgMantibodiesinthepatientspecimen.Sulphuricacidisaddedtostopthereaction.Thisproducesayellowendpointcolour.Absorbanceat450nmisreadusinganELISAmicrowellplatereader. |
| StorageandStability | Thereagentsarestableuptotheexpirydatestatedonthelabelwhenstoredat2-8°C. |
| LimitationsoftheTest | Bacterialcontaminationorrepeatedfreeze-thawcyclesofthespecimenmayaffecttheabsorbancevalues.Diagnosisofaninfectiousdiseaseshouldnotbeestablishedonthebasisofasingletestresult.Aprecisediagnosisshouldtakeintoconsiderationclinicalhistory,symptomatologyaswellasserologicaldata. Inimmunosuppremizedpatientsandnewbornsserologicaldataonlyhaverestrictedvalue. |
| References | GeraldL.Mandell,JohnE.Bennett,RaphaelDolin,PrinciplesandpracticeofInfectiousdiseases,2005,Chapter147,1913-1919PatrickHochedez,StaphaneJaureguiberry,MoniqueDebruyne,PhilippeBossi,PierreHausfater,GillesBrucker,FrancoisBricaire,EricCaumes,Chikungunyainfectionintravellers,EmergingInfectiosDiseasesVol.12,No.10,October2006,1565-1566F.H.Kayser,K.A.Bienz,J.Eckert,R.M.Zinkernagel,MedicalMicrobiology,Stuttgart2005,440-441. |
| Name | ChikungunyaVirusIgMμ-captureELISA |
|---|---|
| RelatedProductNames | ChikungunyaVirusIgMμ-captureELISA |
| Storage | Thereagentsarestableuptotheexpirydatestatedonthelabelwhenstoredat2...8°C. |
| IntendedUse | ResearchUseOnly |