salimetrics/Cortisol/cortisol/25 μL

​Cortisol(hydrocortisone,CompoundF)isthemajorglucocorticoidhormoneproducedintheadrenalcortex.Cortisolisactivelyinvolvedintheregulationofcalciumabsorption,bloodpressuremaintenance,anti-inflammatoryfunction,gluconeogenesis,gastricacidandpepsinsecretion,andimmunefunction.(1,2,3)CortisolproductionhasacircADIanrhythm.(4)Levelspeakintheearlymorninganddroptothelowestconcentrationatnight.(5)Levelsriseindependentlyofcircadianrhythminresponsetostress.(6)IncreasedcortisolproductionisassociatedwithCushing’ssyndromeandadrenaltumors,whiledecreasedcortisolproductionisassociatedwithadrenalinsufficiency(e.g.,Addison’sdisease)andadrenocorticotropichormone(ACTH)deficiency.(7)

Inthebloodonly1to15%ofcortisolisinitsunboundorBIOLOGicallyactiveform.Theremainingcortisolisboundtoserumproteins.(8)Unboundserumcortisolentersthesalivaviaintracellularmechanisms,andinsalivathemajorityofcortisolremainsunboundtoprotein.(9)

Salivarycortisollevelsareunaffectedbysalivaryflowrateorsalivaryenzymes.(10)Studiesconsistentlyreporthighcorrelationsbetweenserumandsalivacortisol,indicatingthatsalivarycortisollevelsreliablyestimateserumcortisollevels.(11,12,13)​

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12. Hiramatsu,R.(1981).Directassayofcortisolinhumansalivabysolidphaseradioimmunoassayanditsclinicalapplications.ClinicaChimicaActa,117,239-249.
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